Alarm bells over deepfakes and AI-enabled fraud have been ringing for a while. So long, in fact, that they’ve become a kind of jangly soundtrack that is easy to tune out amid the excitement around innovation.

Then, every few months, there’s an unmistakeable uptick in the threat levels, or a newsworthy incident. The alarms blare a little louder and the shape and texture of the threat gets a little clearer to all paying attention.